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Functions

Apply functions to one or more variables.

ClosedBasic Functions

Apply a basic function

  1. Ensure that the variable you wish to apply the function to is the active seriesThe first variable listed on a graph; all operations/functions will be applied to this series..
  2. Open the Basic Functions window as shown above by doing one of the following:
    • Click Functions from the Graph Settings toolbar
    • Go to Functions > Basic
    • F
  3. Apply the function by doing one of the following:
    • Select the function
    • Use the keyboard shortcut to enter the number corresponding to the function

List of basic functions and their descriptions

Assume:

  • = number of periods per year, i.e. the frequency of the data series
  • = number of observations in the data series
  • For a specified value of , where can be in the range of 1 to

 

Function Description Formula
Level (default) Untransformed data  
% Annual Rate Percentage change at compound annual rate

DIFA%(X) =
% Period Period to period percentage change

DIFF%(X) =

%Year/Year Year over year percentage change

YRYR%(X) =
Diff Period Period to period difference change

DIFF(X) =
Diff Year/Year Year over year difference change

YRYR(X) =
Diff Log Annual Rate Log change - compound annual rate

DIFAL(X) =

Diff Log Period Log change - period to period

DIFFL(X) =
Diff Log Year/Year Year to year log change

YRYRL(X) =

ClosedAdvanced Functions

Advanced Functions are defined by four different parameters:

  • Number of periods ()
  • Function (level, % change, change or log change)
  • Mode (point-to-point, average or annualized)
  • Centered or not centered

% change of a series cannot be applied to series that have a diff type of 1 (which means that it has a data value of 0 or a negative number)

Apply an advanced function

  1. Ensure that the variable you wish to apply the function to is the active seriesThe first variable listed on a graph; all operations/functions will be applied to this series..
  2. Open the Advanced Functions window by doing one of the following:
    • Click Advanced Functions from the Graph Settings toolbar
    • Go to Functions > Advanced
    • ALT + F
  3. Select the type of function and its options
  4. Click OK or ENTER

Index a series

  1. With the Advanced Functions window open, select Index
  2. Enter the date in one of the following formats:
    • YYYYMM (monthly)
    • YYYYQ (quarterly)
    •  YYYY (annually)
  3. Enter the index number
  4. Click OK or ENTER

Other options in advanced function

The following options can be applied to any type of function or index:

  • Year to date
  • Reverse YTD
  • N/A to Zero
  • Zero to N/A

List of advanced functions and their descriptions

 

Function Formula
Point to Point % Change
Average % Change

Annualized % Change
Point to Point % Change Centered Same formula as Point to Point % Change using centered values
Average % Change Centered Same formula as Average % Change using centered values
Annualized % Change Centered Same formula as Annualized % Change using centered values
Point to Point Difference Change

Average Difference Change

Annualized Difference Change

Point to Point Difference Change Centered Same formula as Point to Point Difference Change using centered values
Average Difference Change Centered Same formula as Average Difference Change using centered values
Annualized Difference Change Centered Same formula as Annualized Difference Change using centered values
Point to Point Log Change

Average Log Change

Annualized Log Change

Point to Point Difference Log Change Centered Same formula as Point to Point Log Change using centered values
Average Difference Log Change Centered Same formula as Average Difference Log Change using centered values
Annualized Difference Log Change Centered Same formula as Annualized Difference Log Change using centered values
Moving Average
Annualized Moving Total
Moving Total
Moving Average Centered Same formula as Moving Average using centered values
Annualized Moving Total Centered Same formula as Annualized Moving Total using centered values
Moving Total Centered Same formula as Moving Total using centered values
Index to a Year/Quarter/Month
Year to Date  
Reverse Year to Date  
N/A to Zero  
Zero to N/A  
ClosedSeasonal Adjustment

Uses concurrent seasonal adjustment, which takes all the defaults of X12-ARIMA. It determines whether to use a multiplicative or additive model based on the type Haver has set for the series. (Multiplicative model will always be used unless the series has a negative or zero value present). Seasonal adjustment can be only applied to a monthly or quarterly data series with at least 36 observations.

Apply seasonal adjustment

Do one of the following to apply seasonal adjustment:

  • Click Seasonal Adjustment Function from the Graph Settings toolbar
  • Go to Functions > Seasonal Adjustment
  • SHIFT + S

Modify seasonal adjustment

Edit seasonal adjustment settings first, then apply seasonal adjustment.

  1. Open seasonal adjustment settings by doing one of the following:
    • Click the drop-down arrow of and select Seasonal Adjustment Settings
    • Go to Functions > Seasonal Adjustment Settings
    • CTRL + ALT + S
  2. Edit the selection then click OK or ENTER
  3. Apply seasonal adjustment as shown above
ClosedConvert to US$

Convert any data series that has local currency data type (LocCur) to US dollars by doing one of the
following:

  • Go to Functions > Convert to US$
  • $